Portación nasal de Staphylococcus aureus en el personal de salud de un Hospital Pediátrico durante julio-setiembre 2018
Abstract
In-hospital infections (IIH) its cause of high morbidity and mortality represents a sanitary problem. The health personnel is a reservoir and potential transmitter of their etiological agents. S. aureus is one of the microorganisms involved. It is important to know the composition of the microbiota of health personal and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of relevant species associated with IIH by contributing to the elaboration of prevention measures including educational activities.
Objective: Describing the predominant composition of the culturable nasal microbiota in standard laboratory conditions and the frequency, distribution and antibiotypes of S. aureus strains from healthcare personnel at the Pediatric Reference Hospital (HPR).
Materials and methods: It was carried out a descriptive study during the period July-September 2018, in which it will include samples of nasal swabs from health workers from different hospitalization areas who agreed to participate in the study. They excluded those who received antibiotics within 3 months prior to the study. The samples were seeded in 5% sheep blood agar (ASO) and incubated at 35-37ºC in aerobiosis for 24-48 hours. The identification of the predominant colonies in the 3rd and 4th quadrants is carried out by conventional methods and MALDI-TOF. The antimicrobial resistance pattern of S. aureus is detected by disk-diffusion. In methicillin resistant cultures (MRSA) the presence of the mecA gene and the typification of SCCmec were determined by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: They obtained 225 swabs belonging to 225 workers, 212 presented development: predominance of Gram positives 204 (Staphylococcus coagulase negative155, S. aureus 49); predominance of Gram negative bacilli (BGN) 7; and Arthrobacter oxydansen one. 11 of the 49 strains of S. aureus corresponded to MRSA, all of which carried the mecA gene, with a predominance in nursing personnel (7/11) and in hemato-oncology services (3/11) and neonatal intensive care (4 / eleven). 8/11 MRSA isolates, gentamicin 2 and mupirocin one were associated with resistance to macrolides and clindamycin. The SCCmec most frequently identified was type IV (7/11).
Conclusions: The results show the presence of MRSA and GNB strains among the health personnel of the CHPR and provide complementary information to carry out prevention and control of IIH, acting above all in the health personnel in charge of the care of susceptible patients.
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