Qualidade do sono no Uruguai no início da pandemia
Palavras-chave:
Sono, repouso, COVID, SARS, insônia, PSQI
Resumo
O ano de 2020 será lembrado pelo início da pandemia do COVID-19, que gerou consequências trágicas para a saúde pessoal e social. Além das mortes, das infecções e do medo destas, o convívio social foi consideravelmente reduzido devido ao confinamento. Trabalhos realizados em diferentes países mostraram que a pandemia gerou distúrbios significativos do sono, que foram chamados coletivamente de corona-somnia ou COVID-somnia. Com o objetivo de explorar se a pandemia afetou o sono dos uruguaios, de 16 a 20 de maio de 2020, foi realizada uma pesquisa anônima via Web, para maiores de 18 anos residentes no Uruguai (n = 1137). Este consistiu no Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (ICSP), que é o questionário autoaplicável mais utilizado para esse fim. O ICSP explora 7 dimensões do sono (qualidade subjetiva, latência, duração, eficiência, distúrbios, medicação e disfunção diurna), com uma escala de pontuação de 0 a 21 (maior pontuação, menor qualidade do sono), onde um ICSP maior que 5 é considerado uma má qualidade de sono. Os resultados mostraram que o ICSP médio foi de 7,4 ± 4,0, com 63% dos entrevistados apresentando ICSP > 5. O ICSP foi maior nas mulheres (8,2 ± 4,0) do que nos homens (6,4 ± 3,8, P < 0,001). O ICSP, juntamente com outros parâmetros coletados, sugere que os residentes do Uruguai tinham má qualidade de sono no início da pandemia.
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4. Buysse DJ. Sleep health: can we define it? Does it matter? Sleep. 2014;37(1):9-17.
5. Roenneberg T, Foster RG, Klerman EB. The circadian system, sleep, and the health/disease balance: a conceptual review. J Sleep Res. 2022:e13621.
6. Landolt HP, Holst SC, Sousek A. Effects of acute and chronic sleep deprivation. In: Bassetti C, Dogas Z, Peigneux P, editors. Sleep Medicine Textbook. Regensburg: : European Sleep Research Society; 2014. p. 49-61
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7. Besedovsky L, Lange T, Haack M. The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(3):1325-80.
8. Mello MT, Silva A, Guerreiro RC, da-Silva FR, Esteves AM, Poyares D, et al. Sleep and COVID-19: considerations about immunity, pathophysiology, and treatment. Sleep Sci. 2020;13(3):199-209.
9. Ragnoli B, Pochetti P, Pignatti P, Barbieri M, Mondini L, Ruggero L, et al. Sleep Deprivation, Immune Suppression and SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2).
10. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020;91(1):157-60.
11. Sistema-Nacional-de-Emergencias. Fin de la emergencia nacional sanitaria 2022 [Available from: https://www.gub.uy/sistema-nacional-emergencias/comunicacion/noticias/fin-emergencia-nacional-sanitaria.
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13. Gupta R, Pandi-Perumal SR. COVID-Somnia: How the Pandemic Affects Sleep/Wake Regulation and How to Deal with it? Sleep Vigil. 2020:1-3.
14. Perez-Carbonell L, Meurling IJ, Wassermann D, Gnoni V, Leschziner G, Weighall A, et al. Impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on sleep. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(Suppl 2):S163-S75.
15. Kumar N, Gupta R. Disrupted Sleep During a Pandemic. Sleep Med Clin. 2022;17(1):41-52.
16. Pandi-Perumal SR, Zaki NFW, Qasim M, Morsy NE, Manzar D, BaHammam AS, et al. Neuropsychiatric Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Synthetic Review from a Global Perspective. Alpha Psychiatry. 2022.
17. El Sayed S, Gomaa S, Shokry D, Kabil A, Eissa A. Sleep in post-COVID-19 recovery period and its impact on different domains of quality of life. Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg. 2021;57(1):172.
18. Pataka A, Kotoulas S, Sakka E, Katsaounou P, Pappa S. Sleep Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Mechanisms, and Management. J Pers Med. 2021;11(11).
19. O'Regan D, Jackson ML, Young AH, Rosenzweig I. Understanding the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Lockdowns and Social Isolation on Sleep Quality. Nat Sci Sleep. 2021;13:2053-64.
20. Shimohata T. Neuro-COVID-19. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 2021.
21. Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O, Mamedova A, Vinnik V, Klimova M, Saranceva E, Ageev V, et al. Brain Mechanisms of COVID-19-Sleep Disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(13).
22. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193-213.
23. Torterolo P, Benedetto L, Copiz N, Peyrou S. Calidad de sueño de los uruguayos al inicio de la pandemia. Congreso Interdisciplinario: COVID-19, pandemia y pospandemia2022. p. 36.
24. Torterolo P, Benedetto L, Copiz N, Peyrou S, editors. Calidad de sueño de los uruguayos al inicio de la pandemia. V Congreso Uruguayo de Sociología; 2022.
25. CEISMU. Código de ética. Cámara de Empresas e Investigación Social y de Mercado del Uruguay 2022 [Available from: https://www.ceismu.org/site/quienes-somos/codigo-de-etica/.
26. Knutson KL, Rathouz PJ, Yan LL, Liu K, Lauderdale DS. Stability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Questionnaires over 1 year in early middle-aged adults: the CARDIA study. Sleep. 2006;29(11):1503-6.
27. Royuela-Rico A, Macias-Fernandez JA. Porpiedades clinimétricas de la versión castellana del cuestionario de Pittsburgh. Vigila-Sueño. 1997;9(2):81-94.
28. Hita-Contreras F, Martinez-Lopez E, Latorre-Roman PA, Garrido F, Santos MA, Martinez-Amat A. Reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in patients with fibromyalgia. Rheumatol Int. 2014;34(7):929-36.
29. Escobar-Cordoba F, Eslava-Schmalbach J. [Colombian validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index]. Rev Neurol. 2005;40(3):150-5.
30. Leone MJ, Sigman M, Golombek DA. Effects of lockdown on human sleep and chronotype during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Biol. 2020;30(16):R930-R1.
31. Instituto-nacional-de-estadística. Encuesta continua de hogares 2019 2019 [Available from: https://www.ine.gub.uy/encuesta-continua-de-hogares1.
32. Pew-research-center. For Weighting Online Opt-In Samples, What Matters Most? 2018 [Available from: https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/2018/01/26/for-weighting-online-opt-in-samples-what-matters-most/.
33. Casagrande M, Favieri F, Tambelli R, Forte G. The enemy who sealed the world: effects quarantine due to the COVID-19 on sleep quality, anxiety, and psychological distress in the Italian population. Sleep Med. 2020;75:12-20.
34. Uehli K, Miedinger D, Bingisser R, Durr S, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Maier S, et al. Sleep quality and the risk of work injury: a Swiss case-control study. J Sleep Res. 2014;23(5):545-53.
35. Tefft BC. Acute sleep deprivation and culpable motor vehicle crash involvement. Sleep. 2018;41(10).
36. Wickwire EM, Shaya FT, Scharf SM. Health economics of insomnia treatments: The return on investment for a good night's sleep. Sleep Med Rev. 2016;30:72-82.
37. Gorgoni M, Scarpelli S, Alfonsi V, Annarumma L, Cordone S, Stravolo S, et al. Pandemic dreams: quantitative and qualitative features of the oneiric activity during the lockdown due to COVID-19 in Italy. Sleep Med. 2021;81:20-32.
38. Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, et al. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev. 2022;62:101591.
39. Camacho-Montano LR, Iranzo A, Martinez-Piedrola RM, Camacho-Montano LM, Huertas-Hoyas E, Serrada-Tejeda S, et al. Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on sleep in children: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2022;62:101596.
40. Sharma M, Aggarwal S, Madaan P, Saini L, Bhutani M. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sleep in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med. 2021;84:259-67.
41. Drager LF, Pachito DV, Moreno CRC, Tavares AR, Conway SG, Assis M, et al. Insomnia episodes, new-onset pharmacological treatments, and other sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Brazilian health care professionals. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(2):373-82.
42. Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112954.
43. Bericat E, Acosta MJ. El impacto del COVID-19 en el bienestar emocional de los trabajadores en Uruguay2020. Available from: https://equipos.com.uy/el-impacto-del-covid-19-en-el-bienestar-emocional-de-los-trabajadores-en-uruguay/.
44. Fernandez-Theoduloz G, Chirullo V, Montero F, Ruiz P, Selma H, Paz V. Longitudinal changes in depression and anxiety during COVID-19 crisis in Uruguay. Curr Psychol. 2022:1-9.
45. Instituto-do-sono. Epsisono. https://institutodosono.com/en/episono/ 2022 [Available from: https://institutodosono.com/en/episono/.
46. Jahrami H, BaHammam AS, Bragazzi NL, Saif Z, Faris M, Vitiello MV. Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17(2):299-313.
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Publicado
2023-07-24
Como Citar
Torterolo Minetti, P., Benedetto, L., Copiz, N., & Peyrou, S. (2023). Qualidade do sono no Uruguai no início da pandemia. Anales De La Facultad De Medicina, 10(2), e201. https://doi.org/10.25184/anfamed2023v10n2a1
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Copyright (c) 2023 Pablo Torterolo Minetti
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