Yerba mate, coffee and tobacco: their possible neuroprotecting role in Uruguayan patients suffering from Parkinson Disease, Montevideo, 2016

Abstract

Several international reports have proven that genetic and environmental factors might predispose to the development of Parkinson Disease (PD). Those studies show the existence of an inverse relation between the consumption of tobacco and coffee with PD; a relationship depending on the dosis has been noticed. At regional level, Yerba Mate (YM) has also shown the relationship between the risk of developing PD and the consumption of YM. The objective is to assess the possible neuroprotective association between the sustained long term habit of consumption of YM and/or coffee and/or tobacco and the risk of developing PD. A case-control study between individuals suffering from PD and control swithout PD was performed to that end. The exposure was measured by consumption and intensity of YM, coffee and tobacco. The respective OR were obtained and analyzed using logistic regression models. There sults for 128 cases and 256 controls were analyzed. The consumption of both, YM and tobacco, revealed an inverse relation between consumption and the risk of developing PD OR: 0.56 (IC 95%, 0.33-0.95; p= 0.032) and OR: 0.46 (IC 95%, 0.25-0.85; p=0.013), respectively. Coffee consumption appeared as a risk factor for PD: OR: 2.04 (IC 95%, 1.21-3.44; p=0.007). Multivariate analysis shows that coffee is the only variable which remains as a risk factor. We come to the conclusion that this paper confirms in general the data already reported at regional and international level in relation to environmental neuroprotective factors in PD.